Medical Abbreviations
 

Abbreviation Translation Further Information  
0 Not Present OR No abnormality Also in superscript e.g. ……..o
+/- Uncertain/equivocal  
+ Present or Noted  
++ Present Significantly  
+++ Present in Excess  
= Equivalent to  
3 OK or satisfactory  
A Ankle Jerk/Reflex Hitting the ankle with a patella hammer to test reflexes
AAA Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Swelling of the main artery in the abdomen
AAL Anterior Axillary Line Imaginary line drawn from the front arm pit down the chest wall
ABG Arterial Blood Gas also "Sats" Blood test to see how much oxygen there is in the blood (percentage ‘saturation’ with oxygen)
ACL Anterior Clavicular Line OR Anterior Cruciate Ligament An imaginary line down the front of the body from the inner end of the collarbone OR a ligament in the knee
A.d As Directed  
A/E Air Entry to Lungs OR
Accident & Emergency
 
AF Atrial Fibrillation Irregular heart beat
AI/R Aortic Incompetence/regurgitation Leaking heart valve.
AoR Aortic Valve Replacement  
AS Abdominal System OR Aortic Stenosis Aortic Stenosis is a narrowed heart valve
AXR Abdominal X-Ray  
bd/bid Twice a Day  
B Biceps Jerk/Reflex Hitting the arm with a patella hammer to test reflexes
BCC Basal Cell Carcinoma Skin Cancer – Very Low Malignancy
BMI Body Mass Index A measure of body size relating to height and weight
BNO Bowels Not Opened  
BOR Bowels Open Regularly  
BP Blood Pressure  
BPd Diastolic Blood Pressure The lower blood pressure (heart relaxed)
BPs Systolic Blood Pressure The higher blood pressure (heart contracted)
CA or Ca (also indicated by "*") Carcinoma Cancer
CABG/S or CAG/S Coronary Artery (Bypass) Graft/Surgery Heart surgery to bypass blocked blood supply
CFS Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Also called ME
CNS Central Nervous System  
C/o or C.o Complains of  
COAD Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease Chronic lung disease
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic lung disease
CT or CAT Computerised Axial Tomography Body Scan
CVA Cerebrovascular Accident Stroke
CVS Cardiovascular System The heart and blood vessels
CX or Cx Cervix OR Cervical Spine Cervix is the neck of the womb
For example, Cx smear = Cervical smear
CXR Chest X-ray  
D&V Diarrhoea and Vomiting  
D/H Drug History  
DIP, PIP Dorsal/proximal interphalangeal joints Finger joints
DLE Discoid Lupus Erythematosus A connective tissue disorder
DNA Did Not Attend  
DS Disseminated (Multiple) Sclerosis  
DU Duodenal Ulcer  
DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis Blood clot – usually in leg
DXT Deep X-ray Treatment Radiotherapy
EAM External Auditory Meatus Ear canal opening
ECG Electrocardiograph Electrical heart trace
EMU Early Morning Specimen of Urine  
ENG Head engaged (Baby) Head of baby low in pelvis (in Womb)
ENT Ear, Nose & Throat  
ESR Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate A blood test for inflammation
FBC Full Blood Count  
FBG/S Fasting Blood Glucose/Sugar  
FD Forceps Delivery  
F/H or FH Family History  
FHH/R Foetal Heart Heard/Regular Baby’s heartbeat in the womb
FROM Full Range of Movement  
FTD Formal Thought Disorder Psychiatric disorder
FTND Full Term Normal Delivery  
GCS Glasgow Coma Scale Consciousness state; score out of 15
GI or GIT Gastro Intestinal/Tract To do with the intestines
GORD Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease Back flow of stomach acid into the gullet
GU or GUT or GUS Genito Urinary/Tract/ System Relating to kidneys, bladder & genitals
GU Gastric Ulcer  
GUM Genito-Urinary Medicine For sexually transmitted diseases/infections
Hb Haemoglobin A measure of blood count (eg in Anaemia)
HH Hiatus Hernia Part of stomach displaced above diaphragm
HI Head Injury  
HNPU Has Not Passed Urine  
HR Heart Rate  
HS Heart Sounds  
HT Height  
Hx History (of complaint)  
IBS Irritable Bowel Syndrome  
IGT or IGTN In Growing Toenail  
IMB Intermenstrual Bleeding Vaginal bleeding between periods
ISQ "In Status Quo" - Nothing has Changed  
IVP Intravenous Pyelogram X-ray of kidneys using an injected dye
Ix Investigations  
JVP Jugular Venous Pressure Neck Vein – back pressure from the heart
K Knee Jerk/Reflex OR serum potassium  
KUB Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder X-ray or ultrasound of renal track (IVP)
LFT Liver Function Test Blood tests for liver function
LIF Left Iliac Fossa
Left groin
LIH Left Inguinal Hernia Hernia of left groin
LKKS Liver, kidney, kidney, spleen Result of examination
LOC Loss of Consciousness  
LN Lymph Node  
LP Lumbar puncture Needle inserted into the spine for diagnostic purposes
L/R/ IH Left or Right Inguinal Hernia Hernia of groins
LS Lymph System  
LSCS or LUSCS Lower (Uterine) Segment Caesarean section  
LUQ Left Upper Quadrant Left upper part of abdomen
Mane In the Morning  
M&C (S) Microscopy & Culture Sensitivity of Bacteria Of a sample e.g. urine
MCL Mid Clavicular Line An imaginary line down the body from the middle of the collarbone to the described area
MCV Mean Corpuscular Volume A measure of the size of red blood cells
ME Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Also called Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
MET/S Metastases Cancer spread
MI Myocardial Infarction OR Mitral Incompetence Heart attack OR leaking heart valve (sometimes MR)
mitte or mite Dispense this number of tablets  
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging Body/Brain Scan
MS Multiple Sclerosis OR Mitral Stenosis Mitral Stenosis is a narrowed heart valve
MSS Musculo-Skeletal System  
MSE Mental State Examination  
MSU or MSSU Mid-Stream Urine Sample  
NAD Nothing Abnormal Discovered  
NBI No Bone Injury  
Nocte At Night  
NFR Not For Resuscitation  
N&V Nausea & Vomiting  
OA Osteoarthritis ‘Wear & Tear’ Arthritis
OC/COC ( Combined) Oral Contracepti ve  
OCT Orthotopic Cardiac Transplant Heart Transplant
o.d. Once a Day  
O/E or o.e On Examination  
OGD Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy Telescope examination of stomach and gullet
on At Night  
om In the Morning  
OM (R/L) Otitis Media Ear infection
ORIF Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (of fracture) Operation to set a broken bone
otc Over the counter (bought medication)  
P Pulse  
PCB Post Coital Bleeding Vaginal bleeding after intercourse
PCC Post Coital Contraception "Morning after" pill
PE Pulmonary Embolism Blood clot on the lung
PERLA Pupils equal and reacting to light and accommodation On examination of nervous system/eyes
PF(R) Peak Flow (Rate) Breathing test – speed of expiration
PID Pelvic Inflammatory Disease OR
Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc
Gynaecological infection OR
Slipped Disc
PM Post mortem examination  
PMH also PHx Previous Medical History  
PND Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnoea Short of breath at night
PO Per Orim By Mouth
POP Progesterone Only Pill OR 
Plaster of Paris
Minipill 
Cast
PPs Peripheral pulses Pulses felt for example in the feet, ankles etc…
PR Per Rectum Rectal examination
PRN As Required  
PTCA Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty Opening up the main arteries of the heart using a balloon inserted usually near the groin
PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder  
PU Peptic Ulcer OR Passed urine Peptic Ulcer – Stomach or Duodenal Ulcer
PV Per Vagina Vaginal examination
PVD Peripheral Vascular Disease Furring up of the blood vessels of the limbs
qds (or) qid Four times a day  
R (R) Respiration (Rate) Rate of breathing in breaths per minute
RA Rheumatoid Arthritis  
RDS Respiratory Distress Syndrome Difficulty in breathing – usually in premature babies
RFT Renal (Kidney) Function tests OR
Respiratory Function tests
 
RIF Right Iliac Fossa Right groin
RIH Right Inguinal Hernia Hernia in right groin
R/L Right/Left  
R/L HC Right/Left Hypochordrium Right/Left upper abdomen
R/LIF Right/Left Iliacfossa Right/Left groin
R/LOL or RLOP Right/Left occipito lateral / posterior Position of baby’s head in womb
RS Respiratory System  
RSI Repetitive Strain Injury Usually of wrist
RTA Road Traffic Accident  
RUQ Right Upper Quadrant Right upper abdomen
Rx Prescription or Treatment Usually prescription
S Supinator (jerk /reflex) Hitting the arm with a patella hammer to test reflexes
SBG Serum Blood Glucose Blood Sugar Level
SLR Straight Leg Raising  
SMR Submucosal Resection Nasal operation
SOB Short of Breath  
SOL Space Occupying Lesion Tumour, usually of head
SOM Secretary Otitis Media Middle ear infection/glue ear
SOS In an Emergency  
SR Sinus rhythm Normal heart beat
Stat Immediately  
STD Sexually Transmitted Disease  
STI Sexually Transmitted Infection  
SVD Spontaneous Vertex Delivery Normal delivery
Sx Symptoms  
SkXR Skull X-ray  
T Triceps Jerk/Reflex OR Temperature Hitting the arm with a patella hammer to test reflexes
Tá â Temperature raised upwards or downwards  
T (usually with a circle with a dot in the centre) Trachea Central Breathing tube not displaced. If displaced, direction of displacement usually indicated by an arrow
TATT Tired all the Time  
TB Tuberculosis  
TCI To come in-date or fact that a person is due to be admitted to hospital  
tds (or) tid Three Times a Day  
TFTs Thyroid Function Test  
THR Total Hip Replacement  
TIA Transient Ischaemic Attack Small, short lived stroke – often recurrent
TKR Total Knee Replacement  
TLC Tender Loving Care Treat only with symptom relief and nursing care, usually meaning that this is all that is needed.
TM or Tm Tympanic Membrane Ear drum
Ts&As Tonsilectomy and Adenoidectomy  
TShR Total Shoulder Replacement  
TTO/A To take home/away (medication)  
TU(R)P Transurethral (resection) of Prostate Operation on the prostate gland carried out through the penis
UC Ulcerative Colitis  
U&Es Urea and Electrolytes Blood test for kidney function
USS Ultra Sound Scan  
UTI Urinary Tract Infection  
VF Ventricular Fibrillation Rapid uncoordinated heart beat usually leading to collapse, and need for defibrillation (electric heart shock)
V/S/TOP Vaginal suction termination of pregnancy  
VT Ventricular Tachycardia Fast heart beat
wbc White Blood Cell Count  
Wt Weight  
 
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